臺灣客家文化館【來做客 來講客】118-Camphor
- 發布單位:客家文化發展中心
- 發布日期:2024/02/20
- 更新日期:2024/02/20
- 點閱次數:2350
Camphor
“Camphor” is a common species distributing around hills in Taiwan. It could be refined to make “camphor oil” or “camphor crystals”, utilized widely in our ordinary life: pesticide, deodorant, medicine and so on. In Taiwan, during the Japanese rule era, a more advanced technique was introduced to rise quantity and to improve quality of camphor refining, so our camphor production once accounted for 50%, top one, in world market. While most Hakka people were engaged in this profitable industry as their main livelihood, Taiwan had earned the reputation of “Kingdom of Camphor” until the appearance of “artificial synthetic camphor” from Germany led to the dramatical decline of natural camphor production.
【樟腦】
樟樹普遍存在於台灣的中低海拔淺山丘陵地帶，而由其所提煉出的「樟腦油/結晶」則用途廣泛，舉凡驅蟲劑、醫藥用品、芳香劑，乃至於無煙火藥、電影軟片等，促使樟腦產業利潤極高；台灣在清領時期即有樟腦產業，進入日本時代，引進更現代化的技術，同步提升產品的「質與量」，讓台灣樟腦出口曾經佔全球規模一半的產量，進而搏得「樟腦王國」美名；「提煉樟腦」是早年客家人的主要生計來源之一，大幅提高其經濟收入，惟此一榮景直到德國發明「人工合成樟腦」之後，方才逐漸式微；時至今日，僅存的樟腦工廠多已轉型為觀光工廠，向遊客介紹台灣曾經有過的那一段樟腦黃金歲月！
【客語小學堂】
◎焗 giugˋ
◎焗腦 giugˋnoˋ
◎樟腦油 zongˊnoˋiuˇ